diff --git a/migrations/03_safe_columns.sql b/migrations/03_safe_columns.sql
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..fc38756
--- /dev/null
+++ b/migrations/03_safe_columns.sql
@@ -0,0 +1,40 @@
+-- Safe Migration: Only add missing columns and indexes
+-- Works with existing schema, won't break on re-run
+
+-- Add missing columns to posts table if they don't exist
+DO $$ 
+BEGIN
+    -- Add location column if missing (for geo posts)
+    IF NOT EXISTS (SELECT 1 FROM information_schema.columns 
+                   WHERE table_name = 'posts' AND column_name = 'location') THEN
+        ALTER TABLE posts ADD COLUMN location GEOGRAPHY(POINT, 4326);
+    END IF;
+    
+    -- Add target_city if missing
+    IF NOT EXISTS (SELECT 1 FROM information_schema.columns 
+                   WHERE table_name = 'posts' AND column_name = 'target_city') THEN
+        ALTER TABLE posts ADD COLUMN target_city VARCHAR(255);
+    END IF;
+    
+    -- Add target_state if missing
+    IF NOT EXISTS (SELECT 1 FROM information_schema.columns 
+                   WHERE table_name = 'posts' AND column_name = 'target_state') THEN
+        ALTER TABLE posts ADD COLUMN target_state VARCHAR(50);
+    END IF;
+    
+    -- Add generation_data if missing
+    IF NOT EXISTS (SELECT 1 FROM information_schema.columns 
+                   WHERE table_name = 'posts' AND column_name = 'generation_data') THEN
+        ALTER TABLE posts ADD COLUMN generation_data JSONB DEFAULT '{}';
+    END IF;
+END $$;
+
+-- Create indexes only if they don't exist
+CREATE INDEX IF NOT EXISTS idx_posts_location ON posts USING GIST (location);
+
+CREATE INDEX IF NOT EXISTS idx_posts_target_city ON posts (target_city);
+
+-- Success message
+DO $$ BEGIN RAISE NOTICE '✅ Safe migration completed - existing data preserved';
+
+END $$;
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